Integration is a fundamental topic in Mathematics that studies the relationship between a whole and its parts. Integrals are used in arithmetic, science and engineering, especially where it is necessary to study the dynamics of variable quantities like temperature or pressure. This is an operation we use all the time, to find areas under graphs, the volume of a solid, and many others.
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$\int{x\,\sin }\left( \frac{x}{2} \right)\,\text{d}x$
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Evaluate $\int{\frac{1}{{{(1+{{x}^{2}})}^{2}}}\,\text{d}x}\,\,\,\,(\text{let}\,\,x=\,\tan \,\theta )$
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State the derivative of $\tan {{x}^{2}}$. Hence, or otherwise, find $\int{{{x}^{3}}{{\sec }^{2}}{{x}^{2}}\text{d}x}$
[4]
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(a)
(i)
Show that $\tan 2\theta =\frac{2\tan \theta }{1-{{\tan }^{2}}\theta }$ using the addition formula from the List of Formulae (MF26).
[1]
(i) Show that $\tan 2\theta =\frac{2\tan \theta }{1-{{\tan }^{2}}\theta }$ using the addition formula from the List of Formulae (MF26).
[1]
(ii)
By using the substitution $x=\tan \theta $, or otherwise, find the exact value of $\int_{0}^{1}{{{\tan }^{-1}}\left( \frac{2x}{1-{{x}^{2}}} \right)}\,\text{d}x$.
[5]
(ii) By using the substitution $x=\tan \theta $, or otherwise, find the exact value of $\int_{0}^{1}{{{\tan }^{-1}}\left( \frac{2x}{1-{{x}^{2}}} \right)}\,\text{d}x$.
[5]
(b)
Find the exact value of $\int_{-1}^{1}{\frac{2+\left| x \right|}{2+x}\text{d}x}$.
[4]
(b) Find the exact value of $\int_{-1}^{1}{\frac{2+\left| x \right|}{2+x}\text{d}x}$.
[4]
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The graph of $y=\sqrt{x+40}$ is shown in the diagram below.
(i)
By considering the shaded rectangle, show that
$\sqrt{n+40}<\int\limits_{n}^{n+1}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[1]
(i) By considering the shaded rectangle, show that
$\sqrt{n+40}<\int\limits_{n}^{n+1}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[1]
(ii)
Deduce that
$\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+…+\sqrt{80}<$$\int\limits_{-40}^{41}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[2]
(ii) Deduce that
$\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+…+\sqrt{80}<\int\limits_{-40}^{41}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[2]
(iii)
Show also that
$\sqrt{n+41}>\int\limits_{n}^{n+1}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[2]
(iii) Show also that
$\sqrt{n+41}>\int\limits_{n}^{n+1}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[2]
(iv)
Deduce that
$\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+…+\sqrt{81}>$$\int\limits_{-40}^{41}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[1]
(iv) Deduce that
$\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+…+\sqrt{81}>\int\limits_{-40}^{41}{\sqrt{x+40}\text{ d}x}$.
[1]
(v)
Hence, deduce that the value $a$, where $a\in \mathbb{Z}$, that satisfies the following inequality,
$9a<\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+…+\sqrt{81}<9\left( a+1 \right)$.
[2]
(v) Hence, deduce that the value $a$, where $a\in \mathbb{Z}$, that satisfies the following inequality,
$9a<\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+…+\sqrt{81}<9\left( a+1 \right)$.
[2]
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